Pengendalian Penyakit Bercak Ungu (Alternaria porri) pada Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Menggunakan Trichoderma Asperellum dan Trichoderma Reesei

Rahmi; Rida Iswati; N Musa; M Lihawa; F Zakaria

doi:10.30997/jp.v17i1.24284

Authors

Rahmi Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia
Rida Iswati Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia
N Musa Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia
M Lihawa Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia
F Zakaria Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30997/jp.v17i1.24284

Keywords:

Alternaria porri, bawang merah, bercak ungu, Trichoderma asperellum, Trichoderma reesei

Abstract

Penyakit bercak ungu yang disebabkan oleh Alternaria porri merupakan salah satu faktor pembatas utama produksi bawang merah karena dapat menurunkan hasil secara signifikan. Pengendalian penyakit ini umumnya masih mengandalkan fungisida kimia yang berpotensi menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan dan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas Trichoderma asperellum TZ11DI1 dan Trichoderma reesei TZ31DU1 sebagai agen pengendali hayati penyakit bercak ungu pada tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Perlindungan Tanaman Pertanian Provinsi Gorontalo dan lahan pertanian Desa Hulawa, Kecamatan Telaga, Kabupaten Gorontalo, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan lima perlakuan, yaitu kontrol negatif, kontrol positif (fungisida), T. asperellum TZ11DI1, T. reesei TZ31DU1, dan kombinasi keduanya, masing-masing diulang delapan kali. Variabel yang diamati meliputi masa inkubasi, kejadian penyakit, intensitas serangan, serta jumlah dan berat umbi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi Trichoderma sp. berpengaruh nyata dalam menekan penyakit bercak ungu. Perlakuan T. reesei TZ31DU1 menunjukkan efektivitas tertinggi dalam menekan masa inkubasi, kejadian penyakit, dan intensitas serangan, serta meningkatkan hasil bawang merah dengan rata-rata berat umbi 56,46 g dan jumlah umbi 18,25 per rumpun.

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