Implementation of Leadership Based on The Value of Tauhid in Strengthening The Character of Students in Vocational High Schools: Literature Review

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of tauhid-based school leadership in strengthening student character in Vocational High Schools (SMK) based on a literature review. The method used is a literature review by collecting, examining, and synthesizing various scientific sources relevant to Islamic educational leadership, tauhid-based character education, school culture, and habituation theory. The synthesis results show that transformational prophetic leadership based on the values of ṣ idq, amanah, tabligh, and fathanah plays a major role as the foundation in directing the vision, policies, and school culture towards a religious and value-oriented environment. The Islamic school culture that is formed then functions as a strategic ecosystem for the internalization of tauhid values through various forms of habituation, such as congregational prayers, recitation of the Qur'an, religious mentoring, habituation of greetings, smiles, and salutations, time discipline, communication manners, and responsibility in carrying out tasks. Consistent habits, supported by teacher role modeling and positive reinforcement, contribute to strengthening the spiritual, moral, disciplinary, responsible, and socially conscious dimensions of students. In addition, this study identifies supporting factors in the form of leadership role modeling, structured religious programs, positive teacher-student relationships, and the integration of tauhid values into school rules. The inhibiting factors include inconsistent implementation, the influence of the social and digital culture environment, and limited monitoring and evaluation of habits. This study produced a conceptual framework that describes the relationship between the implementation of tauhid- based leadership, Islamic school culture, habit formation, and the process of strengthening students' character in a systemic manner.