The Effect of Liquidity, Auditor Opinion, and Company Size on the Timeliness of Financial Statement Disclosure with Profitability as a Moderating Variable in Real Estate Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2022 to 2024

Abstract

Background: Financial reporting is a crucial aspect of transparent and accountable corporate
governance, serving as a means of communication between management and stakeholders. Relevant
information is also needed by investors and creditors in making economic decisions. Strict regulations
from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) govern the
timeliness of financial reporting. However, many companies are still late in fulfilling this obligation,
which has the potential to cause market distrust and information loss. This study highlights the
influence of three main factors liquidity, auditor opinion, and company size on the timeliness of financial
reporting, with profitability as a moderating variable, particularly in the property and real estate sector,
which has unique characteristics in managing significant assets and liabilities.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the variables of liquidity, auditor opinion, and company
size on the timeliness of financial reporting with profitability as a moderating variable in companies
in the real estate sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period from 2022 to 2024.

Methodology: This study uses a quantitative method with a causality approach, utilizing secondary
data in the form of audited annual financial reports. The sampling technique used is purposive
sampling, resulting in a sample size of 71 companies. Data analysis was performed using
Econometric Views 12 software through logistic regression and moderation analysis to test the
relationship between the research variables objectively and systematically.

Finding: The results of the study indicate that liquidity, auditor opinion, and company size are thought
to have a significant effect on the timeliness of financial reporting, while profitability acts as a
moderating variable in this relationship. This study makes an important contribution to the development
of accounting science and corporate governance, particularly in the property and real estate sector in
the Indonesian capital market.

Limitation: This study is limited to real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
during the three-year period of 2022-2024. The focus of the variables is limited to liquidity, auditor
opinion, company size as independent factors, and profitability as a moderating variable. Other
variables that may affect the timeliness of financial reporting are not included in this study, so the
results cannot be generalized to other industrial sectors.

Originality: This study is unique in its selection of the real estate property sector, which has not been
widely researched, combining the variables of liquidity, auditor opinion, company size, and profitability
as moderating variables in the context of financial reporting timeliness. The use of the latest data for
the 2022-2024 period contributes to the current developments in accounting science and corporate
governance.